| چکیده | To be frank, the emergence of clinical isolates with drug resistance and epidemiological typing of them are serious challenges today. In this way, epidemiological tools can provide suitable approach to detect, monitor, and control these threats in real time. There are generally, two different epidemiological typing methods; Conventional and molecular. Conventional methods, such as serotyping and phage typing have been useful in describing the epidemiology of infections. In the other hand, the molecular typing methods most commonly used are the DNAbased methods, such as DNA-based typing, amplification-based typing, and sequencing methods. In generally, the advantages of them to conventional methods include the higher sensitivity and specifity, reproducibility, reliability, ease of interpretation, ease of performance, cost-effective, relatively rapid and a balance between increased discriminatory power and applicability. In recent decade, the ultimate goal was the development of an 'ideal' molecular typing method. There is some candidate to this propose like as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and whole genome sequencing. The aim of this outline is to review the value of different typing methods and addresses their main advantages and limitations. |