چاپ صفحه |  صفحه نخست سامانه |  نویسندگان |  اطلاعات تفضیلی |  دانلود مقاله | علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه |
| نویسنده | نفر چندم مقاله |
|---|---|
| انور اسدی | ششم |
| عنوان | متن |
|---|---|
| کلمات کلیدی | Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Monitoring, Surface waters, Liquid chromatography– tandem mass spectrometry, Risk assessment |
| چکیده | Abstract Pharmaceutical are becoming widely distributed in waters and wastewaters, and poses a serious threat to public health. The present study aimed to analyze non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in surface waters, drinking water and wastewater in Tehran, capital of Iran. 36 samples were collected from surface waters, tap water, and influent and effluent of municipal and hospital wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). A solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was used for the determination of pharmaceuticals, namely ibuprofen (IBP), naproxen (NPX), diclofenac (DIC) and indomethacin (IDM). IBP was found in most of the samples and had the highest concentration. The highest concentrations of NSAIDs were found in the municipal WWTP influents and hospital WWTP effluents. In the municipal WWTP influent samples (n=4), the concentrations of IBP, NPX, DIC and IDM were 1.05, 0.43, 0.23, and 0.11 µg/L, respectively. DIC was found only in one river sample (n=5). All NSAIDs were detected in tap water samples (n=17). However, their concentration was very low and the maximum values for IBP, NPX, DIC and IDM were 47, 39, 24 and 37 ng/L, respectively, in tap water samples. Results showed that the measured pharmaceuticals were detected in all rivers with low concentrations in ng/L range, except DIC which was found only in one river. This study showed that the aforementioned pharmaceuticals are not completely removed during their passage through WWTPs. Environmental risk assessment was evaluated and at the measured concentrations no ecotoxicological effect is suspected to occur. In conclude, a mixtures of various therapeutic classes of pharmaceuticals are present in the aquatic environment, which could lead to synergic or additive effects, resulting in higher toxicities than single classes. |
| متن مقاله | |
| نتیجه مقاله |
| نام فایل | تاریخ درج فایل | اندازه فایل | دانلود |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20171211_010250.jpg | 1396/09/29 | 3642590 | دانلود |
| Gavahi hozor yazd.jpg | 1396/09/29 | 330944 | دانلود |
| Abstract.docx | 1396/09/29 | 629239 | دانلود |
